1) First you need to get an Uno and download the IDE from their website. This post assumes a little bit of knowledge of the C-programming language, if you are familiar with it then you should have little problems understanding my code. If you are totally new to Arduino then pull up some of the example programs and get them running (yes, we all have done the blinky LED). Point is, I want to make this easy.
2) Now assuming you got the connector board linked above (or you can take one of the USB-PS/2 converters, cut it open (carefully) and there should be 4 wires; from there you "Ohm-it-out" to find out the identities of the wires), you can decide which way to solder the pins (up or down). Now attach some jumper cables (they should be female) and note CLK, DATA, VCC, and GND. Use other jumpers (males) to connect to those, then you will put those in the Arduino board. DATA goes to Digital Pin 4. CLK goes to Digital Pin 3. VCC goes to Power Pin 5V. And GND goes to Power Pin GND.
3) Next, to continue Pin assignments, put a jumper in Digital Pin 8 to a breadboard. Put your 220-Ohm resister in series with that jumper. On the other side of the resister, use another jumper to connect to the VCC of the speaker (it's the RED wire). And finally, use another jumper on a GND Pin on the Arduino to the GND wire of the speaker (it's the BLACK wire). Now you're almost done.
4) Take the connector to the PS/2 keyboard and plug into the connector board. Now if you have flashed the code (as well as downloaded and "imported" the PS/2 library below) into your Arduino, you should be set. You can use the USB-power or once you've flashed you can use another power supply (I used an old router power supply) that needs to be greater than 7V and less than 20V (7V-12V is recommended).
5) Now you should be go to go! Write a comment if you have any problems. You can speed up the send speed by using the UP-arrow or slow it down with the DOWN-arrow. There are unassigned keys which you can add whatever you want, look in the PS/2 library for other keys. Pressing the ESC-key will play the James Bond theme song. You can also change the Morse Code within the IF-ELSE-IF statements to other versions of Morse Code (it's on the international, most popular version now). Enjoy, and let me know if you add any cool features!
In the future I will get better at documenting my projects, in the mean time, this list of links are all good to read if you would like more juicy details on the project:
•http://www.pjrc.com/teensy/td_libs_PS2Keyboard.html
•http://www.computer-engineering.org/ps2protocol/
•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morse_code
•http://arduino.cc/en/Main/arduinoBoardUno
•http://garagelab.com/profiles/blogs/how-to-use-tone-function-arduino-playing-the-james-bond-theme
•https://code.google.com/p/rogue-code/wiki/ToneLibraryDocumentation#Ugly_Details
•Klotz, Leigh. Ham Radio for Arduino and Picaxe. 2013. The American Radio Relay League, Inc.
Arduino Code (BTW, the notes and James Bond song isn't necessary, just a fun addition, you could make your own music!):
#include <PS2Keyboard.h> //Calling PS2Keyboard library
//These are notes for a melody, not needed for Morse Keyboard
#define NOTE_B0 31
#define NOTE_C1 33
#define NOTE_CS1 35
#define NOTE_D1 37
#define NOTE_DS1 39
#define NOTE_E1 41
#define NOTE_F1 44
#define NOTE_FS1 46
#define NOTE_G1 49
#define NOTE_GS1 52
#define NOTE_A1 55
#define NOTE_AS1 58
#define NOTE_B1 62
#define NOTE_C2 65
#define NOTE_CS2 69
#define NOTE_D2 73
#define NOTE_DS2 78
#define NOTE_E2 82
#define NOTE_F2 87
#define NOTE_FS2 93
#define NOTE_G2 98
#define NOTE_GS2 104
#define NOTE_A2 110
#define NOTE_AS2 117
#define NOTE_B2 123
#define NOTE_C3 131
#define NOTE_CS3 139
#define NOTE_D3 147
#define NOTE_DS3 156
#define NOTE_E3 165
#define NOTE_F3 175
#define NOTE_FS3 185
#define NOTE_G3 196
#define NOTE_GS3 208
#define NOTE_A3 220
#define NOTE_AS3 233
#define NOTE_B3 247
#define NOTE_C4 262
#define NOTE_CS4 277
#define NOTE_D4 294
#define NOTE_DS4 311
#define NOTE_E4 330
#define NOTE_F4 349
#define NOTE_FS4 370
#define NOTE_G4 392
#define NOTE_GS4 415
#define NOTE_A4 440
#define NOTE_AS4 466
#define NOTE_B4 494
#define NOTE_C5 523
#define NOTE_CS5 554
#define NOTE_D5 587
#define NOTE_DS5 622
#define NOTE_E5 659
#define NOTE_F5 698
#define NOTE_FS5 740
#define NOTE_G5 784
#define NOTE_GS5 831
#define NOTE_A5 880
#define NOTE_AS5 932
#define NOTE_B5 988
#define NOTE_C6 1047
#define NOTE_CS6 1109
#define NOTE_D6 1175
#define NOTE_DS6 1245
#define NOTE_E6 1319
#define NOTE_F6 1397
#define NOTE_FS6 1480
#define NOTE_G6 1568
#define NOTE_GS6 1661
#define NOTE_A6 1760
#define NOTE_AS6 1865
#define NOTE_B6 1976
#define NOTE_C7 2093
#define NOTE_CS7 2217
#define NOTE_D7 2349
#define NOTE_DS7 2489
#define NOTE_E7 2637
#define NOTE_F7 2794
#define NOTE_FS7 2960
#define NOTE_G7 3136
#define NOTE_GS7 3322
#define NOTE_A7 3520
#define NOTE_AS7 3729
#define NOTE_B7 3951
#define NOTE_C8 4186
#define NOTE_CS8 4435
#define NOTE_D8 4699
#define NOTE_DS8 4978
/*********************************************************************************************************
Defining variables
*********************************************************************************************************/
const int DataPin = 4; //Sets digital input pin # 4 to receive data from the keyboard
const int IRQpin = 3; //Sets clock pin # 3, needed for PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)
const int Digital_Output_Pin = 8; //Sets digital output pin # 8 for relaying signals to the speaker
unsigned int Error_Frequency = 300; //Sets error tone frequency to 300 Hz (basically all keys that haven't been assigned to do something yet are defined in PS2Keyboard.h)
unsigned long Error_Duration = 300; //Sets duration of error tone to 300 milliseconds
byte element_wait=100; //Sets arbitrary time (100ms) for speed of the Morse code and how long pauses are, modifying speeds or slows down all Morse code
unsigned int Frequency = 700; //Sets frequency for Morse code keys coming out of speaker at 700 Hz (average range for humans is between 20-20,000 Hz)
/*********************************************************************************************************
Unrelated to Morse Keyboard, just some fun
*********************************************************************************************************/
int melody[] = {NOTE_E4,NOTE_F4,NOTE_F4,NOTE_F4,NOTE_F4,NOTE_E4,NOTE_E4,NOTE_E4,
NOTE_E4,NOTE_G4,NOTE_G4,NOTE_G4,NOTE_G4,NOTE_E4,NOTE_E4,NOTE_E4,
NOTE_E4,NOTE_F4,NOTE_F4,NOTE_F4,NOTE_F4,NOTE_E4,NOTE_E4,NOTE_E4,
NOTE_E4,NOTE_G4,NOTE_G4,NOTE_G4,NOTE_G4,NOTE_E4,NOTE_E4,NOTE_E4,
NOTE_DS5,NOTE_D5,NOTE_B4,NOTE_A4,NOTE_B4,
NOTE_E4,NOTE_G4,NOTE_DS5,NOTE_D5,NOTE_G4,NOTE_B4,
NOTE_B4,NOTE_FS5,NOTE_F5,NOTE_B4,NOTE_D5,NOTE_AS5,
NOTE_A5,NOTE_F5,NOTE_A5,NOTE_DS6,NOTE_D6,0
};
int noteDurations[] = {8,16,16,8,4,8,8,8,
8,16,16,8,4,8,8,8,
8,16,16,8,4,8,8,8,
8,16,16,8,4,8,8,8,
8,2,8,8,1,
8,4,8,4,8,8,
8,8,4,8,4,8,
4,8,4,8,3
};
int pace = 1450;
/*********************************************************************************************************
Beginning Morse Keyboard
*********************************************************************************************************/
PS2Keyboard keyboard; //Create the keyboard object. Even though you could create multiple objects, only a single PS2 keyboard is supported by this library.
void setup()
{
delay(1000);
keyboard.begin(DataPin, IRQpin); //Begin the receiving keystrokes. DataPin and IRQpin are the pin numbers where you connected the PS2 keyboard's Data and Clock signals.
}
void loop()
{
if (keyboard.available()) //Check if a keystroke has been received. Returns true if at least one keystroke.
{
char c = keyboard.read(); //Read the next keystroke. -1 is returned if no keystrokes have been received. Keystrokes are returned as ASCII characters.
//Special keys are mapped to control characters.
if (c == 11)
{
faster();
}
else if (c == 10)
{
slower();
}
else if (c == 'a')
{
dit();dah();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'b')
{
dah();dit();dit();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'c')
{
dah();dit();dah();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'd')
{
dah();dit();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'e')
{
dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'f')
{
dit();dit();dah();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'g')
{
dah();dah();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'h')
{
dit();dit();dit();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'i')
{
dit();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'j')
{
dit();dah();dah();dah();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'k')
{
dah();dit();dah();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'l')
{
dit();dah();dit();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'm')
{
dah();dah();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'n')
{
dah();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'o')
{
dah();dah();dah();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'p')
{
dit();dah();dah();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'q')
{
dah();dah();dit();dah();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'r')
{
dit();dah();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 's')
{
dit();dit();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 't')
{
dah();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'u')
{
dit();dit();dah();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'v')
{
dit();dit();dit();dah();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'w')
{
dit();dah();dah();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'x')
{
dah();dit();dit();dah();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'y')
{
dah();dit();dah();dah();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == 'z')
{
dah();dah();dit();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == '1')
{
dit();dah();dah();dah();dah();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == '2')
{
dit();dit();dah();dah();dah();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == '3')
{
dit();dit();dit();dah();dah();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == '4')
{
dit();dit();dit();dit();dah();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == '5')
{
dit();dit();dit();dit();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == '6')
{
dah();dit();dit();dit();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == '7')
{
dah();dah();dit();dit();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == '8')
{
dah();dah();dah();dit();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == '9')
{
dah();dah();dah();dah();dit();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == '0')
{
dah();dah();dah();dah();dah();
letter_space();
}
else if (c == ' ')
{
word_space();
}
else if (c == 27)
{
jamesbond();
}
else
{
tone(Digital_Output_Pin, Error_Frequency, Error_Duration); //Unused key at this time
}
}
}
void dit() //"Dit" function, for Morse code
{
digitalWrite(Digital_Output_Pin, HIGH); //Voltage will be set to the corresponding value: 5V for HIGH, 0V (GND) for LOW; on the "Digital_Output_Pin" you set.
tone(Digital_Output_Pin, Frequency); //Generates a square wave of the specified frequency on a pin.
//A duration can be specified, otherwise the wave continues until a call to noTone().
//The pin can be connected to a piezo buzzer or other speaker to play tones.
//Only one tone can be generated at a time. If a tone is already playing on a different pin, the call to tone() will have no effect.
//If the tone is playing on the same pin, the call will set its frequency.
//It is not possible to generate tones lower than 31Hz. (That explains some funky behavior when I tried it)
delay(element_wait); //Waits for time specified with "element_wait".
digitalWrite(Digital_Output_Pin, LOW); //Setting output pin to LOW means 0V, turns it off.
noTone(Digital_Output_Pin); //Stops the generation of a square wave triggered by tone().
delay(element_wait);
}
void dah()
{
digitalWrite(Digital_Output_Pin, HIGH); //Same as above except 3X longer^^
tone(Digital_Output_Pin, Frequency);
delay(element_wait * 3);
digitalWrite(Digital_Output_Pin,LOW);
noTone(Digital_Output_Pin);
delay(element_wait);
}
void letter_space() //Sets letter spaces after each letter, shorter than word spaces
{
delay(element_wait * 2);
}
void word_space() //Sets word spaces, are a bit longer to make it clear for receiver of Morse that it's a different word
{
delay(element_wait * 6);
}
void faster() //Speeds up Morse code sending by 10 milliseconds until element_wait = 40ms
{
if (element_wait <=40)
{
element_wait = 40;
}
else
{
element_wait = element_wait - 10;
}
}
void slower() //Slows down Morse code sending by 10 milliseconds until element_wait = 225ms
{
if (element_wait >= 225)
{
element_wait = 225;
}
else
{
element_wait = element_wait + 10;
}
}
/*********************************************************
Just some fun, wanted to add more but it can all be added easily on your own. BTW, this was used from website below, all credit goes to that individual.
*********************************************************/
void jamesbond()
//All credit for this goes to: http://garagelab.com/profiles/blogs/how-to-use-tone-function-arduino-playing-the-james-bond-theme
{
for (int Note = 0; Note <54; Note++) {//counter of Notes (54 limit the array)
int duration = pace/noteDurations[Note];//Adjust duration with the pace of music
tone(8, melody[Note],duration); //Play note
// to distinguish the notes, set a minimum time between them.
delay(duration*1.2);
}
}
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